$2.51
+ $0.11 (4.58%)
End-of-day quote: 03/11/2024
NYSE:IHS

IHS Holding Profile

IHS Holding Limited operates as the largest independent owner, operator and developer of shared communications infrastructure in the world, providing its customers, most of whom are leading mobile network operators (MNOs), with critical infrastructure that facilitates mobile communications coverage and connectivity for approximately 770 million people in emerging markets, across three regions and eleven countries.

The company is the largest independent multinational emerging-market-only tower operator and one of the largest independent multinational tower operators globally, in each case by tower count. As of December 31, 2022, the company operated 39,652 Towers across seven countries in Africa, three countries in Latin America and one country in the Middle East. As of June 30, 2022, the company was the largest independent tower operator in seven of the eleven markets in which it operates, and it is the only independent tower operator of scale in four of these markets.

The company has a well-defined organic and inorganic expansion strategy designed to grow in existing markets with its existing and new customers and, given the significant global emerging market opportunities in communications infrastructure, enter carefully selected growth oriented markets with compelling underlying fundamentals.

In 2022, the company entered the South African market by completing the acquisition of 5,691 towers pursuant to the MTN SA Acquisition (the acquisition of 5,691 towers from Mobile Telephone Networks Proprietary Limited. (MTN South Africa) on May 31, 2022), and it expanded further in Brazil by completing the acquisition of 2,115 towers pursuant to the GTS SP5 Acquisition (acquisition by the company on March 17, 2022 of São Paulo Cinco Locação de Torres Ltda (GTS SP5)).

The company’s core business is providing shared communications infrastructure services to MNOs and other customers, who in turn provide wireless voice, data and fiber services to their end users and subscribers (the number of active subscriber identification module, or SIM, cards in service rather than the number of services provided (excluding machine to machine connections)). The company provides its customers with opportunities to lease space on existing Towers alongside Tenants (the number of distinct customers who have leased space on each Tower across the company’s portfolio), known as Colocation, to install additional equipment on a Tower or request certain ancillary services, known as Lease Amendments, or to commission the construction of new Towers to the customer’s specifications, known as New Sites (Towers owned and operated by the Group constructed through build-to-suit arrangements for the initial Tenant). Additionally, through I-Systems, the company provides ‘Fiber-to-the-Home’ or ‘FTTH’ fiber connectivity to its customers through a neutral network infrastructure solution for broadband service, and in Nigeria the company provides ‘Fiber-to-the-Tower’ or ‘FTTT’ connectivity to its customers. Finally, the company leases space to its customers in secure locations within large building complexes, such as shopping malls, stadiums and airports, which it refers to as in-building solutions, or IBS, or distributed antenna systems, or DAS. In certain strategic instances, the company may also provide Managed Services, such as maintenance, security and power supply for Towers owned by third parties. As of December 31, 2022, the company’s owned and operated tower portfolio supported 58,573 Tenants, with a Colocation Rate of 1.48x.

The company’s primary customers are the leading MNOs in each of its markets. It also provides infrastructure and services to a number of other communications service providers. The company’s success in establishing deep customer relationships and operational excellence has enabled it to grow both organically and through 22 transactions, building a footprint that covers Nigeria, South Africa, CÔte d’Ivoire, Cameroon, Zambia, Rwanda, Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Kuwait and Egypt. The company is the largest independent tower operator in seven of the eleven markets in which it operates and is the only independent tower operator of scale in four of these markets. The company’s markets in Egypt (which the company entered in 2021) and Latin America (which the company entered in 2020) are the only ones in which it does not have a leadership position.

To support the communications infrastructure needs of its customers, the company typically enters into long-term MLAs of 5 to 15 years in duration, which have historically yielded strong renewal rates. As of December 31, 2022, the average remaining length of the company’s MLAs with its Key Customers (MTN Customers (MTN Nigeria; MTN CÔte d’Ivoire S.A.; MTN CÔte d’Ivoire; MTN Cameroon Limited; MTN Cameroon; MTN Zambia Limited; MTN Zambia; MTN Rwandacell Limited; MTN Rwanda or MTN South Africa); Orange Cameroun S.A., or Orange Cameroon; Orange CÔte d’Ivoire S.A., or Orange CÔte d’Ivoire; 9mobile (Emerging Markets Telecommunication Services Limited); Airtel Nigeria (Airtel Networks Limited, a subsidiary of Airtel Africa); Airtel Networks Zambia PLC, or Airtel Zambia; Airtel Rwanda Limited, or Airtel Rwanda; Claro S.A., or Claro Brazil; TIM Cellular S.A., or TIM Brasil; Telefonica Brasil S.A., or Vivo Brazil; Colombia Móvile S.A. E.S.P., or Tigo Colombia; COMSEL S.A., or Claro Colombia; Oi S.A., or Oi Brazil; Zain Kuwait; and Telkom South Africa), who represented 93% of its Tenants, was 6.6 years.

The company’s MLAs typically include annual inflation-linked revenue escalators, limited customer termination rights and, in certain cases, provisions designed to mitigate foreign exchange risk, such as periodic reset mechanisms to adjust for local currency devaluation.

Strategy

The key elements of the company’s strategy include continuing focus on service delivery for customers and adopting an innovative approach to new technology; and enhancing its impact on its communities and on the environment.

Tower Portfolio

Size of Portfolio: As of December 31, 2022, the company had a portfolio of 35,652 owned Towers and 4,000 Towers that it operates under MLL and ROU arrangements totaling 39,652 Towers owned and operated. With 58,573 Tenants as of December 31, 2022, the company had a Colocation Rate of 1.48x. Additionally, as of December 31, 2022, the company had 31,674 Lease Amendments (the installation of additional equipment on a site or the provision of certain ancillary services for an existing Tenant, for which the company charges its customers a recurring lease fee). The company has historically increased the number of its Towers through a combination of constructing New Sites, along with the acquisition of site portfolios from MNOs and from independent tower companies, namely HTN Towers, Cell Sites Solutions — Cessão de Infraestruturas S.A. (CSS), Skysites Holdings S.A. (Skysites), Centennial (Centennial Towers Colombia, S.A.S. and Centennial Towers Brasil Cooperatief U.A.), and GTS SP5.

In connection with the acquisition of multiple portfolios of Towers and in other circumstances, the company has also rationalized its portfolio through decommissioning where it has multiple Towers in close proximity to each other, including the ongoing rationalization program agreed with a Key Customer in Nigeria. Where economically and commercially viable to do so, the company migrates Tenants from one Tower onto a nearby Tower as additional Colocation and then decommission the empty site. While the decommissioning of Towers offsets the company’s overall growth in the number of Towers, it allows it to eliminate cost of sales and ongoing maintenance capital expenditures of the decommissioned tower with only a marginal cost of sales increase at its retained sites through increased power consumption.

In addition to the foregoing owned and operated Towers, the company manages and operates approximately 222 Towers in Kuwait under a Managed Services agreement as part of the Kuwait Acquisition (the acquisition by us of up to 1,620 towers from Zain Kuwait). These Towers are owned by Zain Kuwait, and the company expects ownership of such Towers to be transferred to it following completion of the necessary documentation and subject to satisfaction of customary conditions.

Tenancies and Colocation Rate

The company provides its customers with opportunities to install active equipment, and receive related services, on existing Towers alongside Tenants, known as Colocation. The Colocation Rate is the average number of Tenants per Tower that the company owns or operates across its portfolio at a point in time. With 58,573 Tenants as of December 31, 2022, the company had a Colocation Rate of 1.48x. Colocation is attractive to the company’s customers, as it provides them with shorter deployment times for their equipment compared to New Site construction arrangements.

The company reviews and analyzes the performance of its Colocation Rate trends for Towers built or acquired in different periods. As of December 31, 2022, the company’s tower vintages up to 2012 had an average Colocation Rate of 2.24x, while its more recent portfolios ranged from 1.27x to 1.71x. This metric can be affected by recent acquisitions and consistent New Site programs, each of which reduce the overall Colocation Rate and make total portfolio comparisons less meaningful. However, the relatively low Colocation Rate provides strong growth potential going forward.

Lease Amendments

In addition to Colocation, the company continues to benefit from Lease Amendments as its existing Tenants roll out new technologies on their existing sites, which includes the deployment of 3G, 4G and 5G technologies. As of December 31, 2022, the company’s customers had deployed over 31,650 Lease Amendments to Towers across its footprint. Given the relative growth potential of the telecommunications markets in which the company operates, where 3G and 4G SIM penetration are generally at a low starting base, the majority of the Lease Amendments that it has added thus far are for 3G and 4G equipment added to a Tower for existing Tenants.

The company’s Tower portfolio consists principally of ground-based Towers. As of December 31, 2022, 57% of its Towers were between 30 and 60 meters in height, and 32% of its Towers were smaller than 30 meters, including 12% of which were rooftop sites. The company builds larger Towers when circumstances require, including when Towers will be located in valleys or require a greater range of transmission. As of December 31, 2022, 9% of the company’s Towers are between 60 and 75 meters, and 3% are taller than 75 meters. As of December 31, 2022, the average age of Towers in the company’s portfolio based on its date of integration was 6.2 years.

Operations

The company’s core business provides shared communications infrastructure services to MNOs, including power management, to ensure uninterrupted operation of customers’ transmission equipment. MNOs, in turn, use the company’s tower infrastructure to provide wireless voice and data services to their end users. The company leases space to customers on existing Towers alongside Tenants, known as Colocation, as well as lease additional space to existing Tenants on Towers for the installation of additional equipment through Lease Amendments. The company commissions New Sites for construction to the MNOs’ specifications and lease space on those newly built Towers. In certain of its markets, the company also provides customers with the required power for their equipment.

Colocation

Colocation is at the core of the company’s business model as it allows it to leverage existing Towers to grow revenue and improve operating margins.

Lease Amendments

In addition to Colocation, the company drives its revenue and operating margins by leasing additional space or equipment or providing certain ancillary services to existing Tenants on sites through Lease Amendments. For example, an existing Tenant may choose to deploy an additional technology, such as 3G, 4G or 5G technology at the same site the Tenant is leasing, or an existing Tenant may seek to connect fiber to the Tower, which requires the provision of additional power for that connection.

The company’s customers utilize different technologies, though active GSM technologies comprise the most prevalent type of technology on its Towers as of December 31, 2022. Data demands continue to be a key factor in the company’s markets and certain large MNOs have recently been upgrading their 4G networks and/or have already begun deploying 5G networks. These technologies require increased density for Towers and equipment, increasing the need for additional points of service and amplifying the need for Colocation.

New Sites

The company has extensive New Site deployment experience, having built over 8,750 New Sites and have been a major provider to the market in New Sites since 2011.

New Sites constructed consist primarily of ground-based towers, but can also include in-building solutions, rooftop and wall-mounted towers and cells-on-wheels. For New Sites, the company retains ownership, as well as the exclusive right to colocate additional Tenants on the tower. These New Sites always begin operations with at least a single tenant, with Colocation and Lease Amendments expected at future dates. The company seeks to construct New Sites only in locations where Key Customers are committed to be the initial tenant with optimal additional Colocation capacity, and therefore generally aim to only build Towers for customers in locations that have the potential to attract other customers. In South Africa, the company provides back-up power solutions as connection to the grid is the primary source of power.

Decommissioning Sites

As a result of acquisitions of multiple tower portfolios in the same markets, the company often have multiple Towers in close proximity to each other.

Site Management and Maintenance

The company deploys a combination of in-house personnel and third-party contractors to manage and maintain its Towers. In-house personnel are responsible for oversight and supervision of all aspects of preventative and corrective maintenance and site management, including managing the operational aspects of customer relationships, managing structural engineering and tower capacity issues, ensuring proper signage, and supervision of independent contractors. The company engages numerous suppliers to provide various services in connection with site acquisition, construction, access management, security and preventative and corrective maintenance of tower sites, as well as the supply of diesel to certain of its sites. As of December 31, 2022, the company had entered into outsourcing arrangements for certain services in respect of 77% of its sites.

For example, the company has outsourced power management, refurbishment, operations and maintenance and security functions at some of its sites to third-party contractors. These power management functions include the supply of diesel to certain sites and deployment of alternative power technologies that the company configures and designs, such as hybrid and solar power technologies, on certain sites, to help reduce diesel consumption to a contracted volume.

Site Maintenance and Management Activities

Site Monitoring and Control

The company’s NOCs are 24-hour fully operational management centers from which its personnel monitor and control the tower sites from a central location. Remote monitoring systems allow the company to better monitor, regulate and control site conditions, including, among other things, site AC, DC, load, power consumption per tenant, diesel usage and tank levels, environmental alarms (shelter temperatures, smoke detectors, etc.) and remote access control. The company has remote monitoring systems installed in six of its eleven markets covering 89% of its sites within these six countries (with monitoring of almost all remaining sites through MNO network operating centers). The company’s network operating centers (NOCs) are operated 24 hours a day, seven days a week and monitor a variety of data sent from its Towers. In South Africa, the company relies on a transitional third party operations support system but expect to establish its own NOC in the market in 2023.

The activities conducted in the NOCs ensure that the company provides its customers with quality service and uptimes.

Security

The protection of the company’s sites is key to ensuring the sustainability of its business. The company ensures that its Towers generally have fencing and security lights and, where relevant, such as in its African markets, some of its sites are guarded by outsourced security guards. The company applies rigorous access control policies at the sites and require each visitor to be pre-approved with customer representatives. The company’s remote monitoring systems also allow it to track all access to restricted areas on the sites.

Power and Power Management

Specifically in the company’s African markets where there can be a lack of reliable main grid electricity supply, it sources a substantial amount of its power needs for daily operations from a combination of diesel generators, solar panels, and deep cycle batteries. As of December 31, 2022, in the company’s African markets (excluding South Africa), 42% of its sites were powered with hybrid power systems (a combination of diesel generators with solar and / or battery systems), 24% with only generators, 26% with grid connectivity and back-up generators, with the remaining 7% powered through only grid connectivity or solar power and other systems. As of December 31, 2022, 8,804 of the company’s sites in Africa, excluding South Africa, had solar power solutions, representing 35% of its African Tower portfolio (excluding South Africa). The company, or third-party contractors it has engaged for certain sites, are responsible for monitoring the diesel levels of its generator tanks and scheduling diesel deliveries. Given the importance of diesel for the operation of the company’s sites in many of its African markets, it may purchase diesel in large quantities, which is then stored at its facilities. In Latin America, South Africa, and Kuwait the company’s sites are typically powered by grid solutions, with back-up power systems in certain instances.

To address the costs associated with diesel generator usage and maintenance in its African markets (excluding South Africa), the company deploys as practicable hybrid battery power systems, which involve alternating between power storage sources, such as batteries (VRLA and lithium ion) and diesel generators. On certain sites, the company has also switched from using 3-phase AC generators to DC generators or single phase generators, which consume less diesel. The company has also begun deploying hybrid solar power systems on certain sites. The company continuously evaluates innovative power management technologies and solutions, including more efficient generators, hybrid battery systems and solar systems. The company outsources certain services, including power management and site maintenance for its sites, which includes over 9,000 sites in Nigeria where it had deployed hybrid power systems, prior to Project Green. These systems use batteries and/or solar power systems, along with traditional generators, to reduce fuel costs and create a more consistent energy supply to increase network uptime for the company’s customers. In Nigeria, the deployment of these power management solutions resulted in, on average, an approximately 50% reduction in diesel consumption per tower at the time of deployment on the more than 7,400 sites where the company had deployed hybrid power solutions, which included solar power.

Fiber Services

In certain of its markets, the company has begun providing certain fiber services, including the deployment and operation of fiber access networks and infrastructure. In Brazil, through its I-Systems subsidiary, it deploys and operates a fiber infrastructure that is primarily rented back to TIM S.A. (TIM Brasil) (as anchor client), and in the future other customers, for their provision of residential broadband services to consumers, which is referred to as a Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) network. As part of the transaction that formed I-Systems, the company inherited a legacy Fiber-to-the-Curb (FTTC) network that is also being upgraded to FTTH. I-Systems is responsible for the deployment of the relevant fiber node, as well as the secondary fiber network connected to that node, including the fiber drop at a consumer’s premises. I-Systems is also responsible for the ongoing management and maintenance of that fiber network. As of December 31, 2022, the I-Systems network covered approximately 7.5 million homes passed (of which approximately 4.5 million are FTTH) and spans 18,000 route kilometers. In certain of the company’s African markets, it also provides Fiber-to-the-Tower (FTTT) services, where it deploys fiber to towers that it owns or operates and sells capacity to its customers to generate revenue.

Customer Lease Agreements

The company leases space on Towers (ground-based towers, rooftop and wall-mounted towers, cell poles, in-building solutions, small cells, distributed antenna systems and cells-on-wheels, each of which is deployed to support wireless transmission equipment) to its customers pursuant to a combination of MLAs, which provide the commercial terms governing the lease of tower space, MLL (towers the company manages with a license to lease for a defined period) agreements, and individual SLAs, where relevant, which act as an appendix to the relevant MLA, and include site-specific terms for each relevant tower.

Customer lease agreements, whether long-term lease agreements, master tower space use agreements or other MLAs, such as Managed with License to Lease Agreements, or MLLs, are the principal agreement between the customer and the company. These govern the ongoing and long-term customer relationship and provide the commercial terms governing the lease of tower space. As of December 31, 2022, the average remaining length of the company’s MLAs was 6.6 years. An MLA typically has an initial term of 5 to 15 years and will stay in effect until the parties renew or sign a new tower lease agreement. When the company acquires portfolios of towers or construct towers for customers in new markets, it typically signs an MLA with a minimum duration of 10 years.

In addition to the other types of MLA (the long-term lease agreements the company enters into with its customers, including but not limited to master lease agreements, master services agreements, infrastructure sharing agreements, master tower space use/license agreements and MLL agreements), the company also operates sites owned by an MNO through Managed with License to Lease Agreements. Where there is an MLL agreement, the company has the right to lease out space on the tower to other MNOs and provide services, generating further revenue for it.

The company’s MLL agreements typically have a term of 15 years with a five-year renewal period. The company’s two MLL Agreements also grant the Tenant the option to withdraw from five sites per year, not to exceed 50 sites across the full term, and provided there is no other Tenant on each site. As of December 31, 2022, the average remaining duration of the company’s two MLL agreements was 5.5 years and the total number of Tenants (the number of distinct customers who have leased space on each Tower across the company’s portfolio) on sites operated under MLL agreements is approximately 3,439.

Site Lease Agreements

In addition to the MLA, where a customer requests new space for additional Colocation or New Sites, pursuant to some of the company’s existing MLAs, it sometimes also enters into one or more SLAs with that customer, which include certain site-specific arrangements. The tenure of an SLA varies between 5 and 10 years depending on the length of the underlying MLA and typically includes renewal clauses based on certain agreed conditions. The material commercial terms will be agreed in the relevant MLA, with the SLA, including site-specific terms, such as equipment loading.

Renewals of SLAs (site-specific documents or agreements entered into in relation to specific sites pursuant to an MLA) are generally linked to the extension of the term of the related MLA.

Lease Fees

Lease fees for the services the company provides are normally invoiced to Tenants in advance or arrears on a monthly or quarterly basis. The average lease fee received from a new tenant is generally fixed for the initial term of the MLA or MLL, which generally include an annual inflation-linked escalation.

For certain customers, the company also charges lease fees on the basis of the type of technology employed by the customer, which includes a defined amount of space and power as necessary for such technology. In most cases, additional fees may be invoiced if such customers require additional space and/or power in excess of these specifications, subject to the terms of the relevant MLA.

Managed Services

For sites that the company does not own but operate on behalf of another party, such as an MNO, it provides Managed Services. Managed Services include providing all aspects of preventative and corrective maintenance and site management. The company provides its customers with Managed Services (when MNOs outsource the day-to-day operations of their owned towers or other towers on which they are present, including maintenance, security and power supply) through a combination of in-house personnel and third-party contractors.

In South Africa, as a result of the MTN SA Acquisition, the company also provides power Managed Services regarding back-up power to a number of sites.

In Kuwait, until the necessary documentation for the transfer of approximately 222 sites are available and the company accepts such sites, these sites are operated and managed by it under a Managed Services agreement. Once transferred, these sites will fall under the scope of the MLA (the long-term lease agreements the company enters into with its customers, including but not limited to master lease agreements, master services agreements, infrastructure sharing agreements, master tower space use/license agreements and MLL agreements) signed with Mobile Telecommunications Company K.S.C.P. (Zain Kuwait).

Real Property Leases

Most of the company’s sites are located on real property which has been leased to it by individual landowners under ground lease agreements. As of December 31, 2022, approximately 88% of the company’s Towers were on leased property. Most of the company’s real property leases have durations of 3 to 15 years, and in Kuwait a certain number of its leases with local cooperatives tend to be for one year.

Sales and Marketing

The company offers the largest portfolios in many of the countries in which it operates and uses its experience and expertise to enable its customers to broaden their range of network leasing options.

Customers

The company’s main customers in each country of operations are leading MNOs in that country. In addition, and to a much smaller extent, it leases space on its Towers to customers providing wireless broadband and data services, to broadcasting companies that use tower infrastructure in the broadcast of television signals, to transmission companies that provide transmission connectivity services and to corporates for the provision of enterprise connectivity.

Permits and Regulation

Cameroon: The Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications (Ministere des Postes et Telecommunications) issued an initial five-year renewable license to IHS Cameroon S.A. (IHS Cameroon) in November 2017. The company’s license renewal application was approved by the Agence De Regulation Des Telecommunications in April 2022, and it expects to receive the license document in April 2023 upon its final fee payment.

CÔte d’Ivoire: IHS CÔte d’Ivoire S.A. (IHS CÔte d’Ivoire) operates under a General Authorization (Autorisation Generale) issued for two years by ARTCI. On July 27, 2021, the company received a notification letter from ARTCI confirming their decision to renew its General Authorization for two years, pending the issuance of a final signed decree (the ARTCI Decision Renewal). The ARTCI Decision Renewal allows the company to continue to operate even after the expiration of the existing authorization in June 2021.

Nigeria: The Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) has issued Infrastructure Sharing and Colocation Licenses to each of IHS Nigeria Limited, INT Towers Limited and IHS Towers NG Limited. Each such license is granted for a period of 10 years and is renewable at its expiration for a subsequent period of 10 years.

Rwanda: The Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority, or RURA, has issued a license to each of the company’s Rwanda operating entities. These licenses are valid for an initial period of 15 years and each license can be renewed for successive five year periods.

Zambia: ZICTA has issued a Network (National) License to IHS Zambia Limited (IHS Zambia), which is valid for an initial period of 15 years and can be renewed for subsequent periods of 10 years after the expiration of its initial term.

Kuwait: IHS Kuwait Limited operates under a commercial license issued by the Kuwait Ministry of Commerce and Industry valid until July 8, 2023; an investment license issued by the Kuwait Direct Investment Promotion Authority valid until July 8, 2023; and an operational license issued by the Communication and Information Technology Regulatory Authority valid until July 7, 2034.

Egypt: The National Telecom Regulatory Authority (NTRA) has issued IHS Telecom Towers Egypt S.A.E. (IHS Egypt) a license to construct, operate and lease wireless communication towers within the Arab Republic of Egypt in accordance with the rules, conditions and specifications specified in the regulatory framework issued by the National Telecom Regulatory Authority (NTRA) in 2020. The license is valid for an initial period of 15 years from October 2021 and can be renewed for subsequent periods of 10 years after the expiration of its initial term (or any renewed term) upon a written request submitted by the licensee to the NTRA at least three years before the end of the original license period or any renewed periods thereof.

Brazil: All providers of multimedia communications services (Serviço de Comunicação Multimídia), which includes providers of fiber connectivity, are required to have a license issued by Anatel (Licença SCM?—?Serviço de Comunicação Multimídia) in order to operate in Brazil. I-Systems Soluções de Infraestrutura S.A. (I-Systems) holds the required license.

Peru: The company’s Peruvian entity holds an infrastructure provider registration certificate issued by the Peruvian Ministry of Communications which permits it to provide tower space to MNOs. It was renewed in July 2021 for an indefinite term.

In Rwanda and Zambia, the construction of a site requires a one-off prior approval from several environmental and local government authorities (the permit is ultimately granted by RURA, which is the single approver for all regulatory authorizations for the company’s activities in Rwanda, and the Zambia Environmental Management Agency for the company’s activities in Zambia).

Competition

American Tower Corporation (ATC) is the company’s primary competitor in Africa among independent tower companies, including in Nigeria and South Africa, and Helios Towers Plc and SBA Communications Corporation (SBA) are other notable competitors in Africa.

History

IHS Holding Limited was founded in 2001. The company was incorporated in the Republic of Mauritius as a private company limited by shares in 2012 under the Mauritian Companies Act 2001.

Country
Industry:
Telephone Communications, Except Radiotelephone
Founded:
2001
IPO Date:
10/14/2021
ISIN Number:
I_KYG4701H1092

Contact Details

Address:
1 Cathedral Piazza, 123 Victoria Street, London, Greater London, SW1E 5BP, United Kingdom
Phone Number
44 20 8106 1600

Key Executives

CEO:
Darwish, Sam
CFO
Howden, Steve
COO:
Saad, William